Why Is Directory Listing Dangerous?

Directory listing is a web server function that displays the directory contents when there is no index file in a specific website directory. It is dangerous to leave this function turned on for the web server because it leads to information disclosure. For example, when…

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What Are Google Hacks?

The terms Google hacking, Google hacks, or Google dorking refer to attacks that use Google or another search engine to find vulnerable web servers and websites. Google hacking is based on inventing specific search queries, often using wildcards and advanced search operators (such as intitle,…

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Password Reset Vulnerability (Poisoning)

Most web application security vulnerabilities leverage user interaction in ways that were not initially intended by their developers. Password reset poisoning is one such vulnerability that leverages headers, such as the Host header in an HTTP request: GET https://example.com/reset.php?email=foo@bar.com HTTP/1.1 Host: evilhost.com Notice that the…

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What Is Path Traversal?

Path Traversal or as it is otherwise known, Directory Traversal, refers to an attack through which an attacker may trick a web application into reading and subsequently divulging the contents of files outside of the document root directory of the application or the web server….

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How To Prevent DOM-based Cross-site Scripting

DOM-based Cross-site Scripting (DOM XSS) is a particular type of a Cross-site Scripting vulnerability. It uses the Document Object Model (DOM), which is a standard way to represent HTML objects in a hierarchical manner. As with all other Cross-site Scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities, this type of…

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How to Prevent Blind SQL Injections: The Basics

Blind SQL Injections are a subtype of SQL Injection vulnerabilities. Exploiting Blind SQL Injections is more difficult and more time consuming for the attacker but the consequences to web application security are similar. Successful exploitation of the database query language gives the attacker control over…

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Secure Your Node.js .env Files

Node.js is an environment that helps you create server-side applications using JavaScript. One of the common Node.js elements that developers like and use are .env files. These files let you easily save and load environment variables. Developers often use them to store confidential information. However,…

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